الطفل المميز وأهليته في الرواية الحديثية

Rohaizan, Baru and Sammani Yahya, Ishaq (2016) الطفل المميز وأهليته في الرواية الحديثية. Jurnal Islam dan Masyarakat Kontemporari, 12 (12). pp. 142-168. ISSN 2289-6325

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Abstract

Many studies were conducted to examine the eligibility of adults in reporting the Hadith of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). However, scholars have different opinions regarding the permissibility of reporting Hadith by a discerning child. Some of the scholars opined that it is permissible, while others disagreed. It is apparent that discerning children, since the life time of the Prophet (peace be upon him), have been partaking and associating with adults in observing certain good deeds such as praying (salat), leading prayers, fasting, pilgrimage, giving zakat, marriage and testimony (shahada). Many studies were conducted to confirm the eligibility of performing the aforementioned deeds by a discerning child, but to the best of the authors’ knowledge, there is no any study conducted to examine the views of scholars on the issue of reporting Prophetic Hadith by a discerning child. For these reasons the present study aims to examine the opinions of scholars on this subject by employing analytical method which is based on collecting and analyzing relevant qualitative data on the topic. The results show that reporting Hadith consists of two works; searching and reporting the Hadith to others. Further analysis of scholars’ opinions on these two types of works revealed that the scholars have three different views with regard to these two works by a discerning child. The first view is that both searching and reporting of Hadith to others by a discerning child are permissible. However, the second view is that both the two works are not permissible for a discerning child. The last which is the view of the majority is that searching Hadith is permissible for a child if he is discerning and can memorize and preserve it, but the second work (i.e. reporting the Hadith) to others is not permissible for a child until puberty. This is because puberty is among the criteria of reporting Hadith to others. Based on these views, the authors hold the view of the majority. It is recommended that Hadith scholars should focus on extraction of the Prophetic Hadith reported by discerning children.

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