Critical thinking of muslim societies: a terror-based perspective

Anas, Mohd Yunus and Najihah, Abd Wahid and Adnan Tawfiq, Mohd (2020) Critical thinking of muslim societies: a terror-based perspective. Journal of Advances in Social and Humanities, 6 (9). pp. 1295-1301. ISSN ISSN (O) 2395-6542

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Abstract

After the declaration of war on terror, especially the events of September 2001 in the United States, we see that the terrorist organizations that made the Islamic religion a cover for them in their work have begun to reconfigure themselves intellectually based on the Islamic heritage, especially about the Qur’anic verses and the hadiths related to fighting. The organizations went to consolidate their fighting ideology by confronting the whole world, using a set of fatwas and rulings that were issued by Muslim religious scholars several centuries ago, especially during the era of the Mongolian invasion of the Islamic state and the accompanying calls for resistance by Muslim scholars, especially Ibn Taymiyyah. To facilitate their task of legislating the declaration of war on the whole world, they rejected any ideology opposing them. As the organizations resorted to strictness in adopting these fatwas and religious rulings, and in their explanation of texts, excluding any interpretation other than their objectives. Therefore, these organizations rejected critical thinking about religious texts, considering it a departure from Islam. The lack of maturity of this thinking approach among the general population of Muslims in the various countries made the task of the organizations in rejecting this approach easier. As we see that a critical approach to thinking in various scientific fields, including religion, does not exist in education in Islamic countries. That is why religious texts, including their interpretations, rulings, and fatwas, remained unchanged for centuries. Thus, it provided an appropriate environment for these organizations to expand within Islamic societies through thought related to the past that is not related to the present in anything except that it carried the same rulings, fatwas, and interpretations of religious texts.

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