Bioactive constituents, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of three cultivars of wax apple (Syzygium samarangense L.) fruits

Mohammad Moneruzzaman, Khandaker and Nashriyah, Mat and Md.Sarwar, Jahan (2015) Bioactive constituents, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of three cultivars of wax apple (Syzygium samarangense L.) fruits. Research Journal of Biotechnology, 10 (1). pp. 7-16. ISSN 09736263

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Abstract

The present study represents report on bioactive constituents, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of three cultivars of wax apple fruit. Results revealed that fruits of both Masam manis (pink) and Jambu madu (red) cultivars are the ultimate sources of anthocyanin, carotene and vitamin-C. On the contrary, chlorophyll and titratable acidity content were higher in fruits of Giant green (green) cultivar. The amount of trace elements was high in pink followed by red and green cultivars. The highest amounts of total phenols and flavonoids were in methanol extracts compared to ethanol fruit extracts and these polyphenolic compounds were correlated with antioxidant activities (R 2 = 0.98). In addition, ethanol extracts of leaf, bark and fruit showed good antioxidant activity with IC 50 values ranging from 283-358 µg mL -1 and antimicrobial activity as compared to methanol extracts. Among the cultivars, red cultivar performed the best antimicrobial activity. Bark and fruit extracts of green cultivar showed the highest antioxidant activity as measured by rabbit erythrocytes haemolysis. LC-MS/MS analysis showed several peaks with fragmentation patterns corresponding to the high antioxidant activity of the water extracted fraction. This current study has shown that wax apple cultivars are ultimate source of bioactive constituents, trace elements and metabolites that have the potential to serve as antioxidant and antibacterial compounds beneficial for human health and may serve as a lead to the development of new pharmaceutical products.

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