Mendokumentasikan Pungutan Manuskrip Falak Malayonesia Sebelum Pertengahan Abad Ke-20 Miladi

Baharrudin, Zainal (2016) Mendokumentasikan Pungutan Manuskrip Falak Malayonesia Sebelum Pertengahan Abad Ke-20 Miladi. Jurnal Akademik Sains Islam, 26 (1). pp. 1-34. ISSN 0128-7451

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Abstract

impact of the arrival of Islam on the development of Malayonesian science is not properly addressed. One of this aspect of science is falakial sciences (which includes, according to the present terminology, astronomy, cosmology and cosmogony) as a branch of study of stars. By searching manuscripts at most of the resource centres and personal collections in Malaysia, we found and documented 54 falak manuscripts. The documentations of such manuscripts envolved listing and the status of the materials, and their synopses. Our findings are that the main activities of Malayonesian falakists were not excluding the use of sine quadrant, calendar (including calendar based on predictions), astronomy, cosmology, cosmogony, calculation using logarithm, astronomical tables, and special studies on zodiacal stars. For the purpose of knowing the bench mark of the quality of the Malayonesian falakial sciences in the context of the falakists and their main contributions, a list of standardisation is formulated. This evaluation is based on the main contents of a manuscript and its impact on the development of falakial sciences after the falakist concerned. For the purpose of showing the high quality of the use of the concepts in the falakial sciences, several concepts in the form of descriptive notes were adapted to quantitative formulae. This adaptation shows that mathematical applications in the descriptive form actually envolved extensively astrometric and geometric concepts as well as the trigonometrico-arithmetical operations. The sources of these concepts are also proved from manuscripts written by al al- Byruny/al-Biruni, Nashr al-Dyn al-Tusy (Nasir al-Din/Nasiruddun al-Tusi), Sibti al-Maridini and Ulugh Beg. Indirectly, all of these proofs show the high position of Malayonesian falakial sciences in Malayonesia which are based on falakial sciences during Islamic Civilisation and later became an important component of Malayonesian ethnosciences.

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