Associated factors and dietary interventions of tuberculosis among adults and elderly: A scoping review

Ying, C.Y. and Nik Maizatul Akma, Mahadi and Adzliza, Rahmat and Nurain Syahirah, Abd Ghafar and Nur Sakinah, Mohd Shukri (2021) Associated factors and dietary interventions of tuberculosis among adults and elderly: A scoping review. In: 26th Malaysian Dietitians' Association, 20-21 Jun 2021, Virtual Conference.

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Abstract

Objective Tuberculosis (TB) remains to be a leading cause of death worldwide. Hence, this study review mainly focuses on the associated factors and dietary interventions of TB. Methodology PRISMA-ScR method was used in this study review, and it focused on the relevant English academic journals published from 2010 to 2020. A total of 29 studies were selected from 48,555 studies screened from the electronic databases, namely PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and MEDLINE Complete at EBSCOhost. Results & Discussion TB has been associated with lifestyle factors (alcohol use and smoking), pathophysiological factors (diabetes mellitus, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), anemia, Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), malignant disease, liver transplant, and glucose intolerance), close contact with TB patients, sociodemographic factors (age, gender, poverty, living in a rural area, healthcare workers and incarceration), and nutritional status (underweight and malnourished and vitamin A deficiency). Dietary interventions for TB include providing various macro and micronutrients supplementations, namely protein, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, iron, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, vitamin B-6, vitamin B-12, folic acid, niacin, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin D, selenium, copper, and zinc. Conclusion Future research should be more focused on the effective dietary interventions of TB to improve the quality of life of TB patients.

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