Styrylpyrone derivative of goniothalamus umbrosus: new potential in antiviral activity

Noor Zarina, Abd Wahab and Norefrina Shafinaz, Md Nor and Nazlina, Ibrahim (2019) Styrylpyrone derivative of goniothalamus umbrosus: new potential in antiviral activity. In: International Conference of The Malaysian Society for Microbiology, 11-14 November 2019, Royale Chulan Seremban, Malaysia.

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Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the potential effect of styrylpyrone derivative (SPD) extracted from Goniothalamus umbrosus root against in vitro dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) replication. In the present study. cytotoxicity of SPD was evaluated using a cell viability assay. Antiviral activity of SPD, was evaluated against different stages of DENV-2 replication in Vero cells using focus forming unit reduction assay Cytotoxicity test of SPD in Vero cells showed that the concentration for 50% of cytotoxicity (CCso) was 42.5 pM (8.5 pg/mL), this indicates that SPD is non-cytotoxic. SPD 50% Effective Concentration (ECso) against DENV-2 was 2.18 pM (0.436 pg/mL) which was less than the CCso value with Selectivity Index (SI) of more than 19. A high SI suggests that SPD would has good antiviral properties. The action-mode study involves penetration, adhesion, time additional, time removal and progeny infectivity test. SPD time addition test has been performed at different time intervals. SPD activity against DENV-2 was found to be most optimum when given at 2 h.p.i. which caused more than 80% focus forming reduction. In time removal assay, treatment with SPO caused 29% focus forming reduction as early as 2 h.p.i. and reached more than 80% after 96 h.p.i. This means that SPD can prevent DENV-2 activity during its earliest replication phase. SPD antivirus activity on DENV-2 attachment process is high because the focus forming reduction percentage is 80% by 25 pM SPD. Results show that SPD mechanism of action in decreasing progeny infectivity is high because the highest percentage value of inhibition percentage is greater than 100%. The results revealed that SPD exerts potent antiviral activity against DENV-2. SPD inhibits intracellular replication of DENV-2 besides possessing direct virucidal activity and reduced DENV-2 adsorption. SPO has good potential for prospective nature-based antiviral agent against dengue virus.

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